What flow rate do I need for recirculation?

For vorlauf and mash recirculation, a gentle 2-5 L/min avoids compacting the grain bed. For wort transfer and chilling, 8-15 L/min is typical. Match the flow rate to the task to avoid issues.

How many recirculation passes are recommended?

For vorlauf, 2-3 full volume passes usually gives clear wort. For whirlpooling, 3-5 passes help settle trub. Some brewers recirculate continuously throughout the mash for improved efficiency.

What pump type is best for homebrewing?

Centrifugal pumps (like March or Chugger) are the most common for homebrewing. They handle hot wort well, are self-priming, and provide adjustable flow. Peristaltic pumps are gentler but slower.

Does tubing size matter?

Yes, smaller tubing restricts flow and increases velocity. For most homebrew setups, 12-13mm ID silicone tubing works well. Larger tubing (19mm) reduces restriction for high-flow applications.

Do I need a pump for homebrewing?

Pumps are not essential for small batches but make brew day much easier. They enable whirlpooling, recirculation, and transferring hot liquids safely without lifting. March and Chugger pumps are popular magnetic-drive options designed for high-temperature brewing liquids.

BrewCalcs

Pump Flow Calculator — Brewing Equipment

Calculate pump flow rate and recirculation time for your system.

Liquid Volume

Volume to recirculate

Pump Flow Rate

Tubing Inner Diameter

Number of Passes

Full volume passes through pump

Pump Type

How We Calculate This

Recirculation Time

Time per Pass = Volume / Flow Rate. Total recirculation time is the time per pass multiplied by the number of desired passes. This helps plan your mash recirculation and vorlauf timing.

Flow Velocity

Flow velocity through the tubing is calculated as: Velocity = Flow Rate / Tube Cross-Sectional Area. Keeping velocity moderate (0.5-2 m/s) avoids excessive shear and foaming while maintaining effective recirculation.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Last updated: February 2026

All calculations are estimates. Always verify values and adjust based on your equipment and ingredients.